How are photopolymer plates processed ?
During photopolymer plate processing, the final plate relief is revealed. Material which was polymerized in the processes before remains on the plate while unpolymerized material is removed.
Unlike in direct engraving, the material is not burned by a laser. Instead, two options are available for photopolymer plate processing:
1. Dissolving and mechanical removal of the material (“solvent processing”) or
2. Melting of the material to remove it (“thermal processing”)
In both ways it has to be ensured that the whole unpolymerized material is removed during the process. For thermal processing, it is common that predefined processing settings are provided by the machine manufacturer or plate supplier. In solvent processing, the correct processing speed is determined through a washout test. The result is depending on the plate type, the machine and especially the washout solvent.
Solvent Processing
Solvent processing is the most common way of processing. The plate is rinsed with a solvent mixture containing different components to dissolve the different parts of the plate (polymer, LAMS, release layer etc.). Various kinds of solvents are available in the market. Following aspects are influenced by the choice of solvent or need to be considered when choosing a solvent:
- Washout speed
- Plate swelling
- Required drying time
- General plate quality (fine elements, plate surface etc.)
- Compatibility with the machine
During solvent processing, the plate is rinsed with the solvent while brushes are moving over the plate surface to take off unpolymerized material. The required washout speed or time is tested in advance: For this test, raw, unpolymerized plate pieces are processed at different speeds to find the speed that generates the desired relief depth. Often plates are slightly over-washed to guarantee proper removal of the whole material. Once the processing step is finished the plate needs to be dried.
Thermal Processing
In thermal processing this drying step is not required since no solvent is used. Instead, the polymer is heated up and brought in contact with a developer material. The liquified unpolymerized material keeps sticking to the developer material. Like this, layer by layer the unpolymerized material is removed from the plate. Several development passes are necessary to achieve the final relief depth. The deeper the desired relief, the more passes are usually necessary. After the thermal process is finished, the plate is ready for post exposure and finishing.
– This blog was written and submitted to us by Torben Wendland.
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